저자 :  Woo Chang Kang, Jae Seung Lee, and BK Song 학술지명 : Social Indicators Research 발행처 : Springer 권호 : 150(2) 게재년월 : 2020년 7월 DOI: 10.1007/s11205-020-02339-2  초록 : This paper examines how economic inequality at the local level affects individuals’ subjective well-being (SWB) through social comparison in Seoul, South Korea. We implement a multi-level analysis combining asset inequality, calculated using the actual transaction prices of apartments, and public opinion surveys conducted by Seoul Metropolitan City between 2008 and 2016. Our analysis shows that inequality negatively affects SWB among respondents whose family income is lower than the median (the envy effect), but drives up SWB among the other half (the pride effect). Further analysis on the effect of inequality on subjective class awareness corroborates a social comparison mechanism: the haves embrace an upper-class awareness as local inequality increases, while the have-nots embrace a lower class awareness. These findings suggest⋯

저자 : Sebastian Harnisch, Nam-Kook Kim 학술지명 : 통합유럽연구 발행처 : 서강대학교 국제지역문화원 권호 : 11(2) 게재년월 : 2020년 7월 초록 : This paper explores the differing levels of recognition of human security as an analytical concept as well as a foreign policy strategy in the EU and East Asia. The term emphasizes additional protection and expanded freedoms for individuals: the freedom from want, the freedom from fear, and the freedom to take action on one’s own behalf. The idea of combining security and human rights can be construed as a ‘narrow version’ of human security, often equated with the Responsibility to Protect (R2P), or a so-called ‘broad’ approach as defined by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). In the EU, human security as a policy concept is currently interpreted as an umbrella term, highlighting concerns about physical integrity and equal participation rather than economic development, reflecting the EU’s recent⋯

저자 : 신재혁,  김태완, & 박희경 학술지명 : 21세기정치학회보 발행처 : 21세기정치학회 권호 : 30(2) 게재년월 : 2020년 06월 초록 : 이 논문의 목적은 지방자치단체 간 소득 불평등 수준의 차이를 설명하는 것이다. 일반적으로 복지 지출을 많이 하는 곳에서 소득 불평등 수준이 낮을 것이라 예상한다. 그러나 반대로 소득 불평등이 심한 곳에서 복지 지출이 늘어날 수도 있다. 이러한 내생성 문제를 해결하기 위해 이 연구에서는 정치 지도자가 좋은 업적을 달성하려고 노력할 유인을 도구 변수로 삼아서 복지 지출이 소득 불평등에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 한다. 좋은 업적을 달성하려는 유인은 선거 경쟁의 치열함으로 측정한다. 선거 경쟁이 치열할수록 지도자가 좋은 업적을 달성하려는 유인이 강해질 것이기 때문이다. 따라서 우리는 선거 경쟁이 치열한 지역일수록 복지 지출을 많이 하고, 복지 지출을 많이 하는 지역일수록 소득 불평등 수준이 낮아진다고 주장한다. 이러한 주장은 1998년부터 2014년까지 한국 광역지방자치단체 간 비교 연구를 통하여 뒷받침하였다. 2단계 최소제곱 회귀분석 결과, 시도지사 선거에서 1, 2위 간의 득표율 차이가 작은, 다시 말해 선거 경쟁이 치열한 지역일수록 지방정부의 복지⋯

저자 : Yong Wook Lee 학술지명 : Review of International Studies 발행처 : Cambridge University Press 권호 : 46(4) 게재년월 : 2020년 06월 초록 : This article aims to uncover the socially constructed normative foundation for the alternative East Asian economic development paradigm to neoliberalism in the context of civilisational politics. The question I seek to address is why East Asian states make value claims when promoting their alternative method of economic development. In addressing this question, I make two interrelated arguments. First, I argue that the politics of Asian values can be understood as another case of non-Western society’s struggle to demonstrate multiple paths to modernity. Second, on a deeper level, I show that the discourse and narratives on Asian values is part of civilisation politics aimed to recalibrate the place of East Asia in a world consisting of the civilised and the uncivilised, a divide that still remains⋯

저자 : Nayun Kim & Jai Kwan Jung 학술지명 : 한국정치학회보 발행처 : 한국정치학회 권호 : 54(3) 게재년월 : 2020년 06월 초록 : Do protests encourage electoral participation of voters? There are scholarly discussions on the relationship between protesting and voting, as they are typical examples of non-institutional and institutional forms of political participation in democracy, respectively. Theoretical exploration and empirical research on this subject matter have yet to be developed because the studies of social movements and electoral politics are two different sub-fields separately developed in comparative politics while rarely communicating with each other. Conforming to a recent call for bridging these two sub-fields, this article attempts to specify the mechanism by which protests affect voter turnout. We particularly emphasize political interest and efficacy of ordinary citizens, since they can be influenced by large scale protest events and, in turn, influence the turnout of voters. This theoretical speculation is empirically explored⋯

저자 :  Sung Eun Kim, S. P. Harish, Ryan Kennedy, Xiaomeng Jin, and Johannes Urpelainen 학술지명 : Journal of Environment & Development 발행처 : Sage Publications 권호 : 29(2) 게재년월 : 2020년 6월 DOI : 10.1177/1070496519888252 초록 : Air pollution is a pressing problem of public health for developing countries, but governments have few incentives to abate air pollution without public awareness of the issue. Focusing on the case of Vietnam, we examine the determinants of public awareness of air pollution. Using representative survey data for the entire country from 2017, we find that local exposure to air pollution increases public awareness and reduces satisfaction with governments but does not provoke opposition to coal-fired power generation. In contrast, education leads people to oppose coal-fired power plants. These results suggest that while local air pollution contributes to awareness and dissatisfaction with the government, support for effective policy measures depends on education⋯

저자 :  김동훈 학술지명 : 21세기정치학회보 발행처 : 21세기정치학회 권호 : 30(2) 게재년월 : 2020년 6월 DOI: 10.17937/topsr.30.2.202006.147 초록 : 본 연구는 국가 경제의 중요한 부분이나 상대적으로 정치학 연구가 진행되지 않은 정부조달시장(Government Procurement Market)을 분석하였다. 최근 글로벌 경제위기 이후 정부지출이 급증하면서 재정건전성에 대한 압력이 증가하였고, 이러한 현실은 정부조달시장에서의 정부구매의 효율성 개선에 대한 압박으로도 작용하고 있다. 정부조달시장에서 소비자로서의 정부는 개인 및 기업과 같이 재정의 효율적 운용을 할 유인이 존재한다. 그러나 정부는 단순한 소비자가 아닌 정치적 행위자로서 정부 정책을 통해 정치적 이익을 추구하고 국내정치적 제약에 따라 움직일 수밖에 없는 존재이기도 하다. 효율적 지출을 해야 하는 소비자로서의 정부, 그러나 동시에 정치적 행위자로서 정부지출을 통해 정치적 이익을 얻고자 할 유인이 동시에 존재하는 것이다. 본 연구는 상반되는 유인이 존재하는 정부조달시장에서 정부의 선호에 영향을 미치는 제도적 변수로서 선거제도의 효과를 분석하였다. 정부는 정부조달시장을 개방함으로써 조달시장의 경쟁성과 투명성을 높여 정부지출의 건전성을 높일 수 있지만, 이는 정부조달시장을 통하여 특정 기업, 집단, 지역에 혜택을 부여하여 정치적 이익을 얻을 수 있는⋯

저자 : Nam Kyu Kim 학술지명 : International Political Science Review 발행처 : Sage 권호 : 41(3) 게재년월 : 2020년 6월 초록 : Do elections improve a country’s prospects for democratization? The theory of democratization by elections proposes that reiterated multiparty elections foster gradual institutional changes leading to progress toward democracy. Edgell et al. provide the most systematic evidence for this theory, but substantial disagreements remain among scholars studying the effects of authoritarian elections on democratization. In this study, I reassess the relationship between elections and democratization. In doing so, I account for the temporal structure of democratic qualities that are highly persistent. When I control for the dynamics of democratic qualities by adding a lag (or lags) of the dependent variable, the democratizing effects of repeated elections disappear; indeed, most evidence indicates a negative relationship between elections and democratization. This finding calls into question the causal role of elections⋯

저자 : Nam Kyu Kim & Gary Uzonyi 학술지명 : Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 발행처 : Taylor & Francis 권호 : 43(5) 게재년월 : 2020년 5월 초록 : Why do some countries implement trials to punish perpetrators of state-sponsored mass killing during civil war? A common explanation is that domestic and international demand for justice pressures the government to implement trials. However, this demand is unlikely to produce prosecutions because state-sponsored violence during fighting provides elites incentive to conceal information after war. The revelation of information concerning the government’s atrocities could result in renewed domestic instability or international sanction. Therefore, a government that has committed atrocities during the civil war, and emerges victorious from the conflict, should be unlikely to pursue trials in the aftermath of the war. 원문링크

저자 : Nam Kyu Kim 학술지명 : Journal of Peace Research 발행처 : Sage Publications 권호 : 57(3) 게재년월 : 2020년 5월 초록 : Extant scholarship establishes that territorial issues are more likely than other types of issues to lead to militarized interstate disputes and war. One key premise is that a strong attachment to the material and symbolic values of the homeland makes people more willing to fight for their country in territorial disputes. However, there is no systematic evidence for this premise. Although recent studies investigate the effect of territorial conflict on individual attitudes and find that territorial issues are qualitatively different from other types of issues, researchers have not yet investigated how territorial threats influence people’s willingness to fight. By combining data on territorial claims from the Issue Correlates of War project with individual-level data from the World Values Survey, this article tests the relationship between territorial⋯