Unipolar Hangover and American Offshore Leadership: Systemic Causes and Consequences of the Ukraine and Gaza Wars (2025.04)
- Authors : Dong Sun Lee, Sangsoo Lim
- Publication : Korean Journal of International Studies
- Publisher : The Korean Association of International Studies
- Volume : 33(1)
- Date: April 2025
Abstract: This article examines the dynamic interplay between the international system and the wars in Ukraine and Gaza, analyzing how unipolarity has shaped these conflicts and their broader impact on global structures. It argues that the United States’ liberal hegemonic strategy—driven by unipolar preponderance— exacerbated tensions, particularly through NATO’s expansion in Ukraine and unconditional support for Israel in Gaza. These policies intensified regional hostilities, prompting armed resistance from Russia and Hamas. Conversely, these wars have accelerated the decline of US-centered unipolarity, allowing China to rise as a superpower while Russia and India consolidate their positions as great powers. The article introduces “offshore leadership” as a pragmatic US strategy emphasizing maritime priorities in East Asia and strategic collaboration with allies to navigate an evolving security landscape. This approach departs from the traditional liberal hegemonic strategy by advocating realism, restraint, and a reassessment of US global commitments. The study underscores the importance of prioritizing East Asia in response to China’s rise while delegating responsibilities in other regions to local allies. It offers theoretical insights into how unipolarity fosters conflict and how wars reshape international systems, along with actionable policy recommendations for South Korea and the United States to manage emerging geopolitical challenges effectively.