Kyung Yon Moon (Assistant Professor, The School of International Studies Korean Track at Jeonbuk National University)   * This paper was published at Jiam Workshop #4.   Abstract: In general, the main cause of North Korea’s humanitarian crisis is the decline in food production, and the biggest cause is believed to be due to the abnormal climate and natural disasters in North Korea. Such a natural disaster in North Korea must be a direct cause of the North’s food production decline. However, to understand the humanitarian situation, it is necessary to understand the various mechanisms related to food supply. In other words, it is necessary to consider various factors that affect food availability and food access rights (North Korea’s governance aspect). This study attempted to examine whether sanctions against North Korea brought restrictions on food availability and worsened the humanitarian situation of North Koreans. To this end, by looking at the⋯

Jun Hyup Kim(Professor, School of International Studies, Languages and Literature at Handong Global University)   * This paper was published at Jiam Workshop #4.     Abstract:  Korea Development Cooperation NGOs experienced a rapid increase in the number of sponsors and an explosive financial growth in the 2000s, but their growth slowed down from the mid-2010s and showed negative growth in 2020. This can be said to be a problem for all domestic development cooperation NGOs, not only for the five domestic development cooperation NGOs mentioned in the text. While the number of individual and group sponsors sponsored by each institution is limited, development cooperation NGOs are continuously established, and the amount of fundraising that each NGO can expect is gradually limited. In addition, as several NGOs’ moral deviations occurred and the spread of COVID-19 continued until 2020 and 2021, expectations for increased sponsorship were lowered as the economic downturn⋯

Jae Woo Choo (Professor of Kyung Hee University, Director of China Research Center, KRINS)   Abstract: It is true that the relationship between the U.S. and China has entered the era of strategic competition due to the U.S. coercion policy against China. However, it does not mean a competition for hegemony between the two countries. This is because the U.S. punishment against China is not carried out for the purpose and reason of undermining the foundation of the existing liberal international order. Instead, it is the result of the U.S.’s patience with China’s undermining behavior to protect and keep the existing order. In other words, from the U.S. standpoint, it leaves room for the Communist Party of China to withdraw its coercive policy if it proves its willingness to change its behavior and the sincerity of its mind. We currently support multilateralism between the United States and China. In maintaining⋯

Jun Mo Kang (Master’s student in Political Science and International Relations, Korea University) * This paper was presented at Jiam Workshop #3. Abstract  With the advent of an “untact” (Konglish compound word meaning no-contact) society, cyber threats are gradually increasing, but discussions on countermeasures are still insufficient. Cyber threats differ from traditional military and security threats due to the specificity of the uncertainty in cyberspace. Because of this particularity, defense-oriented strategies are not only inefficient but also inherently incapable of changing the situation to an offensive advantage. Therefore, this study suggests that attack deterrence by monitoring and punishment, rather than defensive measures, is the solution to the cybersecurity problem. First, we will see that monitoring and punishment are impossible in a single state’s response to cyber threats and that there is a limit to countering threats with a nation-centered multilateral approach. Then, we will consider the effectiveness of a “multi-layered partyism” approach, including state and non-state actors. Through the example⋯

Seo Woo Jeong (Master’s student in Political Science and International Relations, Korea University)   This paper was presented at Jiam Workshop #3. Abstract  Competition over technology hegemony is one of the major aspects of the strategic rivalry between the US and China. The Trump administration has defined China’s willingness to innovate in the technological field as economic aggression that threatened US economic interests and security and has tried to limit it through sanctions against China. So, how will the US-China technology strategic competition unfold under the Biden administration? In this paper, we will argue that even though there is a possibility for a short-term compromise, which we will analyze through three scenarios, a prolonged competition for technological hegemony is inevitable considering the technological gap between the US and China and the US domestic political scene. In addition, if the US global multilateral strategy is linked to the regional multilateral one, even if an agreement⋯

Kyong Seok Ha (Senior Researcher, Ilmin International Relations Institute, Korea University)   This paper was presented at Jiam Workshop #3. Abstract Technological innovation through digitalization offers new opportunity to increase the efficiency of UN peacekeeping operations (PKO) and to establish sustainable peace. However, at the same time, this new technology also create significant risk factors that can destabilize security and threaten peace activities themselves. This study examine the possibilities and risks of digital technological innovation in the context of international peace operations, especially the UN PKO, and analyzes the use of digital technology operation by the PKO with MONUSCO’s unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in the Democratic Republic of Congo. UAV use case in the DR Congo conflict illustrates the introduction of digital surveillance capabilities’ equipment and its importance to the success of operation executions. This use of digital military technology is likely to help keep troops safe in dangerous conflicts⋯

Geon Sik Hong (Full-time Researcher at the Institute of National Interest, Chung-Ang University) * This paper was presented at Jiam Workshop #3. Abstract  In May 2017, the rapid spread of the WannaCry ransomware in cyberspace terrified the world. WannaCry spread indiscriminately around the world, encrypting and rendering hundreds of thousands of computers in hospitals, schools, business, and home obsolete. In the security governance framework, the particularity of the WannaCry crisis is that its resolution was based on cooperation at the governmental, private and international levels. The US Department of Homeland Security set up an international scale partnership system with countries directly affected by cyberattacks such as the UK, Japan, and Australia. This study follows the US cybersecurity governance construction process during the WannaCry crisis resolution and analyzes the actual response to the WannaCry incident.   Original paper (in Korean):  [PDI Working Paper No. 2] Building cybersecurity governance in the US and⋯

Jun Hyeop Kim (Research Professor, Graduate School of International Studies, Korea University) * This paper was presented at Jiam Workshop #3. Abstract The concept of human rights can be classified into two categories: the political right not to be oppressed by unjust power and the economic right to have decent living standards. The development of information technology can serve as a major viable in the promotion of individual political and economic rights. The development of information technology has positively contributed to the improvement of human rights by allowing individuals to express their political opinions and improving the access to economic services. However, since the use of information technology is limited to some social classes, the development of information technology is playing a role in improving the level of human rights as an adjusting variable rather than a direct independent variable. In addition,various human rights-related issues can arise due to the⋯